I’ve read a couple of reviews of Jerome Karabel’s new book, The Chosen,
about the admissions processes of Harvard, Yale, and Princeton.
I’m interested both because the subject matter concerns the institution
I’m at and the students I teach AND because Karabel is on (to my best
recollection) a friend’s dissertation committee.
There has not been much discussion of the book (at least, that I have
noticed) here on campus. Not surprisingly, because the facts
about the admissions process here do not put Harvard in a good
light. The attempts to keep the Jews and blacks and most people
out continued well up into the middle of the last.century.
Karabel also points out that even the current system of admissions, in
giving priority to legacies and certain schools (the private boarding
“prep” schools of the Northeast seem curiously overrepesented here),
continues the trend of making sure that Harvard and its ilk continue to
admit and educate “the right sort of people.”
From Malcolm Gladwell’s review in the New Yorker:
In the 1985-92 period, for instance, Harvard admitted children of
alumni at a rate more than twice that of non-athlete, non-legacy
applicants, despite the fact that, on virtually every one of the
school’s magical ratings scales, legacies significantly lagged behind
their peers. Karabel calls the practice “unmeritocratic at best and
profoundly corrupt at worst,” but rewarding customer loyalty is what
luxury brands do. Harvard wants good graduates, and part of their
definition of a good graduate is someone who is a generous and loyal
alumnus. And if you want generous and loyal alumni you have to reward
them. Aren’t the tremendous resources provided to Harvard by its alumni
part of the reason so many people want to go to Harvard in the first
place? The endless battle over admissions in the United States proceeds
on the assumption that some great moral principle is at stake in the
matter of whom schools like Harvard choose to let in—that those who are
denied admission by the whims of the admissions office have somehow
been harmed. If you are sick and a hospital shuts its doors to you, you
are harmed. But a selective school is not a hospital, and those it
turns away are not sick. Élite schools, like any luxury brand, are an
aesthetic experience—an exquisitely constructed fantasy of what it
means to belong to an élite —and they have always been mindful of what
must be done to maintain that experience.
Harvard is a brand name, Gladwell points out. And it’s in the
busines of selling the idea that those who go to Harvard will be
successful because they go to Harvard. Karabel largely explodes
that myth through his own research and presenting that of others.
I think this has an effect on the tenor of the undergrad education
experience. When I was at Berkeley, this was a bit more emphasis
on the education side of the undergraduate experience. That is,
we could more plausibly maintain that our students were around for the
purpose of getting an education, or at least a credential. Here,
I rather suspect that many of my students are here because they are
hoping to make the connections necessary to get the high-paying jobs in
the Wall Street world.
When I applied to college, I naively thought that the process was about
my acdemic and intellectual qualifications, especially at the places
like Harvard and Stanford. As I have gone further in higher
education, I have learned that that, of course, is not the case.
But the extent to which that is true varies across universities.
Now that I am a teacher at Harvard, I see that the reason(s) I did not
get into this institution (for example) had little to do with my
intellectual qualifications. I was probably not “Harvard
material.” And with the perspective I have now, I wonder if it
wasn’t a good thing that I was not Harvard material. I think I
might be a better teacher because I have had experiences rather outside
of Harvard and its world.
I sometimes wonder if my students here appreciate the very fact of
their education as much as my students at Berkeley did, or whether the
performance I see in the classroom is more akin to that–performance.
I recognize that these thoughts are rather desultory. But there
is a sense of satisfaction at Harvard of being Harvard, and I think
there’s a need to push on that.