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Start with the classics: excluded middle, post ergo propter, overuse of Occam’s razor, affirming the consequent | denying the antecedent, collective | divisive, ad hominem…
Then the intuitive ones for which I know no name: the universal anecdote (I know this great anecdote, which applies everywhere and describes a perfect cross-section) | the universal peer group (you and I know most Americans won’t stand for this) …
Then the devilish ones: the rephrasing problem (or, passing the foregone-conclusion buck) — considering a replacement to an old idea, but then discarding it by saying “that implies foo, which can’t be right” — although foo is equivalent to the idea you were reconsidering replacing.
A list, from a scifraud member’s sig: http://kspope.com/fallacies/fallacies.php